Which statement best describes the term genetic engineering?

Which statement best describes the term genetic engineering?

• A. The study of genes only
• B. The sequencing of genomes
• C. The use of organ transplant
• D. Techniques to alter an organism's DNA

Answer: (D)

Genetic engineering is the set of laboratory methods used to modify the DNA of an organism to change its traits or capabilities. This focus on actively altering genetic material is what sets it apart from simply studying genes or mapping their sequences, and from medical procedures that don’t involve changing an organism’s DNA. By adding, removing, or rearranging DNA, scientists can introduce new traits or correct genetic issues—think making bacteria produce insulin, or crops that resist pests. The other options describe studying genes, sequencing genomes, or performing organ transplants, none of which involve intentional DNA modification in the organism.

Genetic engineering is the set of laboratory methods used to modify the DNA of an organism to change its traits or capabilities. This focus on actively altering genetic material is what sets it apart from simply studying genes or mapping their sequences, and from medical procedures that don’t involve changing an organism’s DNA. By adding, removing, or rearranging DNA, scientists can introduce new traits or correct genetic issues—think making bacteria produce insulin, or crops that resist pests. The other options describe studying genes, sequencing genomes, or performing organ transplants, none of which involve intentional DNA modification in the organism.